04/15/20 KOHLBERG SCALE Preconventional Level Children are concerned with avoiding punishment and satisfying their own needs. Right action is determined in response to physical authority or egocentric sense of loss or gain. Stage 1 [L/FP/coercion] Right action consists or doing things that will not result in punishment. [L/G/authority] The authority figure determines correct behavior. Children tend to believe punishment and and reward are reciprocal--if I am bad, bad things will happen. Stage 2 [L/FP/care] Right behavior means something which fulfills one's own needs. Child views relations in terms of reciprocity--an equal exchange of favor or punishment. Conventional Level [L/G/indoc] Children tend to seek definition cf right or wrong that goes beyond punishment or one's own needs, Children tend to be loyal to the present social order. Child seeks approval and upholds rules. Stage 3 Golden Rule stage—doing what's right is defined by the Golden Rule. Generally, correct behavior is that which pleases or helps other people and that of which others will approve. Stage 4 [L/G/order] Right behavior consists of maintaining social order and showing respect for authority. Doing one's duty and relying on fixed rules are typical behavior patterns. Post Conventional Level Stage 5 Called contractual legalistic level. People tend to avoid actions that would violate rights of others. There is a concern for due process. Stage 6 [R/G/ideal] Conscience oriented--people are likely to make moral decisions based on respect for dignity of human beings. [R/G/nat] The right action is defined in terms of universal human rights. [R/G/indrights] People tend to see individual rights as more important than societal rules.
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